Democrats are set to take control of the U.S. Senate, House and presidency, paving the way for Joe Biden to bring his legislative agenda to life and reshape the American economy.

民主党人将控制美国参众两院和总统职位，为拜登(Joe Biden)实施他的立法议程和重塑美国经济铺平道路。

Following runoff elections in Georgia this week, the Democrats and Republicans will each have 50 votes in the Senate. The even split would give Democratic Vice President Kamala Harris the tiebreaking vote on some bills, but centrists like West Virginia’s Joe Manchin could break ranks and derail some progressive policies. What’s more, some laws need 60 votes to pass.

在乔治亚州本周的决选之后，民主党和共和党将在参议院各拥有50张选票。这种势均力平的分裂将使民主党副总统卡玛拉·哈里斯(Kamala Harris)在一些法案上获得决定性投票，但西弗吉尼亚州的乔·曼钦(Joe Manchin)等中间派可能会打破阵营，破坏一些进步政策。更重要的是，一些法律需要60票才能通过。

Biden was recognized by Congress as the next president early Thursday following a day of violence at the U.S. Capitol when pro-Donald Trump mobs breached police lines and entered the building. Here are some of the key issues related to personal finances that Biden and the Democrats are likely to take up once they formally assume power.$2,000 Stimulus Checks

美国国会星期四早上承认拜登为下任总统。此前一天，支持川普的暴徒冲破警戒线进入国会大厦，造成暴力事件。拜登和民主党人一旦正式掌权，可能会着手处理一些与个人财务有关的关键问题。2000美元的刺激计划检查

Putting money directly in people’s wallets as a response to the financial fallout from the coronavirus crisis will be Biden’s top priority as he begins his first term. While campaigning in Georgia before the runoff elections, he vowed that $2,000 stimulus checks would be sent out “immediately” if Democrats won the state.

直接把钱放进人们的钱包，以应对冠状病毒危机的金融后果，将是拜登开始第一任期时的首要任务。在佐治亚州进行决选之前的竞选活动时，他发誓，如果民主党赢得该州，将“立即”发放2000美元的经济刺激支票。

Democrat Raphael Warnock, who defeated Republican Kelly Loeffler in Georgia for a Senate seat this week, said that getting the checks approved would be his first priority upon arriving in Washington. “We ought to pass the $2,000 stimulus relief and give ordinary struggling people who are just literally trying to keep their head above water what they need, so that we can begin to get the economy going again,” he said on CNN Wednesday.

民主党人拉斐尔·沃诺克(Raphael Warnock)本周在乔治亚州击败共和党人凯利·罗伊弗勒(Kelly Loeffler)获得参议院席位。沃诺克表示，让这些支票获得批准将是他抵达华盛顿后的首要任务。他在周三接受CNN采访时表示:“我们应该通过2000美元的经济刺激计划，给那些挣扎在水深火热中的普通人提供他们所需要的东西，这样我们就可以开始让经济重新开始运转。”

The fastest way for Democrats to pass $2,000 stimulus checks would be to bring the bill to the Senate floor for a vote, something that Republican Majority Leader Mitch McConnell blocked in December. While the bill would need support from 60 Senators in order to bypass a filibuster, some Republicans have already publicly signaled they would be on board.

民主党要想通过2000美元的经济刺激法案，最快的办法就是将法案提交参议院表决，而共和党多数党领袖麦康奈尔在去年12月就阻止了这一做法。尽管该法案需要得到60名参议员的支持，才能绕过阻挠议事，但一些共和党人已经公开表示，他们将支持这项法案。

Still, lawmakers might pare back the scope of the payments to ease concerns that high-earners not affected by the pandemic would get sizeable payouts. Unemployment benefits that are set to expire in mid-March would likely get extended, while states would receive additional funding for Covid-19 vaccine rollout and testing.

尽管如此，议员们可能会削减奖金的范围，以缓解人们对未受疫情影响的高收入人群将获得巨额奖金的担忧。定于3月中旬到期的失业救济金可能会得到延长，而各州将获得额外资金，用于新冠病毒疫苗的推出和测试。

Goldman Sachs Group Inc. raised its growth forecasts for the U.S. this year, predicting that the economy would expand 6.4% this year, versus the 5.9% it previously projected. The increase was driven by expectations that Biden will be able to deliver a fiscal stimulus package of $750 billion this quarter, $300 billion of which will be in the form of checks to households. The slow pace of Covid-19 vaccinations may still slow the spending boost, the bank cautioned.Tax Policy

高盛集团(Goldman Sachs Group Inc.)上调了对美国今年经济增长的预期，预计今年美国经济将增长6.4%，高于此前预计的5.9%。这是由于市场预期拜登将在本季度推出7,500亿美元的财政刺激计划，其中3,000亿美元将以支票的形式发放给家庭。世行警告称，2019冠状病毒病疫苗接种的缓慢步伐可能仍会减缓增加支出的速度。税收政策

While campaigning for the White House, Biden vowed to increase income taxes, capital gains taxes and payroll taxes for people making more than $400,000 a year, as well as for corporations. He promised to repeal Trump’s 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, which might affect middle income earners who saw some benefits from that bill.

在竞选总统期间，拜登誓言要提高年收入超过40万美元的人以及企业的所得税、资本利得税和工资税。他承诺要废除特朗普2017年的《减税和就业法案》，这可能会影响到从该法案中受益的中等收入人群。

Those plans might be harder to bring to fruition, however, because Biden would ordinarily need 60 votes in the Senate to pass them. While some Republicans might back $2,000 stimulus check, they are more likely to back tax cuts — not hikes. Biden could resort to a loophole in the filibuster known as the budget reconciliation process, which allows for expedited consideration of certain legislations, a loophole the GOP used in 2017 to pass Trump’s tax law with a majority vote.

不过，这些计划可能更难实现，因为拜登通常需要在参议院获得60票才能通过这些计划。虽然一些共和党人可能会支持2000美元的经济刺激计划，但他们更有可能支持减税，而不是提高税率。拜登可能会求助于所谓的预算和解程序中的一个漏洞，该漏洞允许加速审议某些立法，共和党在2017年利用这个漏洞以多数票通过了特朗普的税法。

Under the budget reconciliation process, only a simple 51-50 majority is needed to pass a bill, but its use is limited to once per financial year. Biden’s administration will have two chances to wield it in 2020, because Congress never adopted a budget for the current fiscal year.

在预算调整程序下，通过一项法案只需51票对50票，但其使用仅限于每个财政年度一次。拜登政府在2020年将有两次机会使用它，因为国会从未通过本财年的预算。

Biden’s proposed changes would raise tax rates on those making over $400,000 to 39.6% from 37%. The Tax Foundation estimates that by 2021, if the plan were enacted, the top 1% of taxpayers would see their after-tax income reduced by 11.3% and the top 5% would see it shrink by 1.3%. Those in the 90th to 95th percentile would see their after-tax incomes reduced by 0.2%.

拜登提出的改革方案将把年收入超过40万美元的人的税率从37%提高到39.6%。税收基金会估计，如果该计划实施，到2021年，收入最高的1%纳税人的税后收入将减少11.3%，收入最高的5%纳税人的税后收入将减少1.3%。收入在90 - 95百分位的人税后收入将减少0.2%。

“I do think there are going to be some benefits for those lower on the income scale and it’s really going to hurt those at the top,” said Bill Schwartz, managing director at Wealthspire Advisors. But he added that it's difficult to give financial advice based on the election results, because Biden's narrow majorities make it hard to predict which policies get enacted.

Wealthspire Advisors的董事总经理比尔•施瓦茨(Bill Schwartz)表示:“我确实认为，该计划将给收入较低的人带来一些好处，而真的会伤害到那些收入最高的人。”但他补充说，很难根据选举结果给出财务建议，因为拜登的微弱优势让人们很难预测哪些政策会得到实施。

“I don’t think it’s going to be the status quo,” Schwartz said. “I don’t think even Biden knows. It’s going to be a political free-for-all to get anything passed.”

施瓦茨说:“我不认为这将是现状。“我觉得连拜登都不知道。这将是一场所有人都可以参加的政治辩论，以使任何议案获得通过。”

The president-elect has called for taxing capital gains and dividends at an ordinary income tax rate of 39.6% for those making more than $1 million.American Health

这位当选总统呼吁对年收入超过100万美元的人征收39.6%的普通所得税，以征收资本利得和股息税。美国医疗

Democrats and Republicans disagree on several aspects of how the federal government should approach access to health care, and even some centrist Democrats are against a major expansion of government-funded health care.

民主党人和共和党人在联邦政府应该如何让人们享受医疗保健的问题上存在分歧，甚至一些中间派民主党人也反对大幅扩大由政府资助的医疗保健。

But one point of agreement between the two parties is tackling rising drug prices — and that may find bipartisan support and provide substantial relief to the wallets of Americans across the country.

但两党达成一致的一点是应对药品价格上涨——这可能会得到两党支持，并为全国各地美国人的钱包提供实质性的缓解。

Biden has said he wants to ensure that no American buying insurance in the individual marketplace pays more than 8.5% of their annual income on health care. That could mean potentially hundreds of dollars of savings a month, but could also damage the employer-sponsored health insurance market. Biden has proposed a public option for those who can’t afford private coverage and would lower the Medicare eligibility age to 60 from 65.Student Debt

拜登表示，他希望确保在个人市场购买保险的美国人在医疗保健上的支出不超过年收入的8.5%。这可能意味着每月可能节省数百美元，但也可能损害雇主赞助的健康保险市场。拜登提议为那些负担不起私人保险的人提供公共选择，并将医疗保险的资格年龄从65岁降低到60岁。学生债务

Biden has already faced increased pressure by members of his own party to tackle some of the nation’s $1.6 trillion in student debt.

拜登已经面临来自本党成员越来越大的压力，要求他解决美国1.6万亿美元的学生债务中的一部分。

Democrats have urged him to bypass Congress and act through his own executive authority, but Biden has indicated that he doesn’t plan to act unilaterally. With Republican support for student loan forgiveness virtually non-existent, and even some moderate Democrats opposing it, the issue may not come to the Senate floor even if it’s held by the Democrats.

民主党人敦促他绕过国会，通过自己的行政权力采取行动，但拜登表示，他不打算单方面采取行动。由于共和党对学生贷款减免的支持几乎不存在，甚至一些温和的民主党人也反对它，这个问题可能不会进入参议院，即使它是由民主党控制的。

Biden has proposed a plan to make two- and four-year public colleges free for families that earn less than $125,000. He also supports canceling federal student debt for students from undergraduate universities and from private historically Black colleges and universities for the same income bracket.Minimum Wage

拜登提出了一项计划，让收入低于12.5万美元的家庭免费就读两年制和四年制公立大学。他还支持减免本科生和历史上有黑人血统的私立大学的学生的联邦学生债务，这些学生的收入水平相同。最低工资

Biden has pledged to raise the U.S. minimum wage to $15 an hour and that would require Congress’s help. He’ll need 60 votes in the Senate for the measure to pass, so will have to persuade at least some Republicans to get on board with the proposal.

拜登承诺将美国最低工资提高到每小时15美元，这需要国会的帮助。他需要在参议院获得60票才能通过这项法案，因此他必须说服至少一些共和党人加入这项提案。

His plan to grow U.S. employment include $400 billion for manufacturing and $300 billion for research and development, which he says could create 5 million jobs on top of those lost to the coronavirus outbreak.

他增加美国就业的计划包括4000亿美元用于制造业和3000亿美元用于研发，他表示，这将在新冠病毒爆发造成的就业损失之外创造500万个就业机会。

While Biden has not attached a time-frame to his plan, he would face pressure to achieve it by the end of his first term.

虽然拜登没有为他的计划设定时间表，但他将面临在第一个任期结束前实现该计划的压力。